![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() We then summed the knowledge, attitude, and practice scores respectively, and used linear and logistic regressions to quantify relationships with socioeconomic and demographic factors. Methodsīetween November 2017 and February 2018, we administered standardized, anonymous knowledge, attitude, and practice surveys to 263 residents split between two neighborhoods of high socioeconomic status (SES) and two neighborhoods of low SES. All three are arthropod-borne viruses transmitted by Aedes mosquito vectors present in the focal region of Panama City, the largest city in Central America and an urban region of extreme socioeconomic polarization. The methodologies that are aligned with the 2006 IPCC guidelines will be used to calculate the GHG emissions and the emission factors level TIER2 when possible.We sought to identify if socioeconomic and demographic factors play a role in resident knowledge, attitude, and practice regarding Dengue, Chikungunya, and Zika in order to inform effective management procedures for disease prevention in Panama, a middle-income tropical country in Central America. A mapping of GHG concentrations and distributions will be carried out in specific sampling areas, indicating the productive period when necessary. ACV (simapro) software and platform will be used for data analysis. The sampling will be conducted during the production cycle. Statistical analysis will be performed to guarantee the value coming from the measurements and their uncertainty. Based on the results obtained from the real emissions, the generated value will be estimated through modeling. Direct measurements of CH4 and N2O on site will be conducted with portable equipment. Emission estimation methodologies compatible with the 2006 IPCC Guidelines will be used. if available, information on the methodological approach followed)Ĭurrently, an emission reduction goal has not been established. This amount has to be in units of MtCO2e (Million metric tons of carbon dioxide equivalent) or MtCO2e/yr (Million metric tons of carbon dioxide equivalent per year)Īdditional information (e.g. The rice production NAMA was submitted on the UNFCCC NAMA Registry, under the category of NAMAs seeking financial support for implementation. Monitoring of crops to optimize the application of pesticides.Promote associativity with incentives and financial support to rice farmers associations to implement mitigation actions coming from this program.Optimizing nitrogen fertilizers use through the most appropriate farmer techniques for the crops, soil, and environmental conditions.Reduce N2O emissions by nitrogen use efficiency seeds that require fewer fertilizers. ![]() Introduce rice varieties with less water dependency.Reduce CH4 emissions through the most appropriate practices of water management in rice production.The title of this project is “Support for the formulation of appropriate mitigation actions on Central American agriculture”. Under the initiative of the Ministry of Agricultural Development, together with the Interamerican Institute of Cooperation on Agriculture (IICA) and the financial support of EUROCLIMA+, the rice production NAMA has been developed for the Republic of Panama. It is important to emphasize that rice cultivation is one of the leading sources of methane emissions in the atmosphere. The increasing demand for this crop by the Panamanians, coupled with the effects of climate change, threaten this sector. Rice is one of the elemental components of Panamanian food, in urban and rural areas.Īpproximately, of the 96,000 ha devoted to rice production, 59,000 ha are produced by the mechanized system and 37,000 ha by the traditional and rudimentary system “a chuzo”. The average rice consumption per capita in Panama is 162 lb/person/year. ![]()
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